VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that creates a safe and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet. VPN technology was primarily used to allow remote users and branch offices to securely access corporate applications and other resources. To ensure privacy, VPNs typically use cryptographic tunneling protocols to provide confidentiality by blocking intercepts and packet sniffing, allowing sender authentication to block identity spoofing, and message integrity to prevent message alteration.

Essentially, VPNs establish a virtual point-to-point connection between the user's device and a remote server, which can be anywhere in the world. This connection, or tunnel, makes it appear as if the user's device is directly connected to the private network, allowing them to send and receive data as if they were physically connected to the network. This technology enables users to circumvent geographical restrictions on websites or streaming audio and video, protect themselves from snooping on untrustworthy Wi-Fi hotspots, and gain at least some anonymity online by hiding their true location.

VPNs can be used in a variety of security scenarios and are available as both software and hardware solutions. Security features of VPNs can vary widely, from the most basic, which might only protect your browsing activity on public Wi-Fi networks, to more complex setups, which offer full encryption of all data. Users should ensure they understand what protections a VPN offers, and what it does not, to choose a solution that best fits their needs.